Positivism as an Epistemological System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Positivism as an Epistemological System - Essay Example In this way, there can be no space for any otherworldly reflections in clarifying wonders. In the second flood of positivist idea, a second type of positivism, for example intelligent positivism occurred, and â€Å"took bit of leeway of the further advancement made in the hard sciences to demand cleansing all power from the logical method† (Jordan, 2004, p.28). â€Å"Logical positivist perspectives about science and information depended on a general hypothesis of language. †¦This hypothesis of language included two primary thoughts, the systematic manufactured qualification and the undeniable nature hypothesis of meaning† (Godfrey-Smith, 2003, p.25). I will talk about these thoughts in detail in the following segment. The third influx of positivism is for the most part ascribed to a gathering called the Vienna Circle. â€Å"The Vienna Circle was built up by Moritz Schlick and Otto Neurath. †¦But from the good 'ol days through the end, a focal scholarly figure here was Rudolf Carnap† (Godfrey-Smith, 2003, p.22). In this stage, positivism was conveyed in its consistent structure. In any case, a few positivists want to view this last period as coherent or logical induction (Greetham, 2006, p.121), to recognize it from the past sensible positivist development. In this exposition, I will utilize the term sensible positivism to allude to the entire of twentieth century positivism, to recognize it from Comte’s nineteenth century positivism. Positivism as Epistemology From a general point of view, positivism is viewed as an epistemological framework through its backing of accomplishing observational information through sense recognition, and its adherence to the logical technique for example enlistment. Anyway when legitimate positivism ventured into the image, it was clarified that â€Å"logical positivism had different roots... The initial segment of the paper comprises of an authentic investigation of nineteenth century positivism, intelligent positivism, up until the time of the Vienna Circle. The subsequent part covers the epistemological ramifications of positivism. Here,the principle precepts of coherent positivism and its adherence to epistemology are talked about. A fundamental figure that it will be talked about here is Karl Popper. At long last, this paper is closed by talking about the fall of positivism. The paper focuses on that progress and advancement in information is a perpetual undertaking. Since the introduction of positivism up until its ruin, positivism by the by molded the way we do science. The authod talks that one is the breakdown of the perspective on language that shaped the premise of numerous legitimate positivist and intelligent empiricist thoughts. Another is pressure from comprehensive contentions. A third is the disappointing history of endeavors to build up an inductive rationale. A fourth is the improvement of another job for fields like history and brain research in the way of thinking of science. The report makes an end that positivism prevailing with regards to building up a deliberate strategy for moving toward the real world. Furthermore, logical information was the very reason for remaking reality, with logical laws as focal in examine. On the off chance that epistemology is the investigation of information, at that point positivism is a substantial epistemological framework. For if there is one thing that positivism built up, it is no other than an intelligible reproduction of human information dependent on the techniques and standards of science itself. It is in such manner that positivism, regardless of its fall, end up being powerful from the beginning of time.

Needlenutz Business Proposal Essay Example For Students

Needlenutz Business Proposal Essay Needlenutz gives a wide determination of attire to various examples to look over. The choice of yarn that my store handles will premium our focused on showcase from the arrangements of shading to the heaviness of the yarn. We additionally give various hues and sizes of needles for your venture as to conveying yarn sacks to help keep you sorted out. Needlenutz purchases in mass from our producer to hold transporting costs down. The offers a decision for our clients relying upon the undertaking they are making as they can purchase in products or a solitary yarn move whenever it might suit them. We have an extra space that keeps all entrance mass in. At the point when clients come back to the store for even more a specific item, we will have that specific kind of item in the back for them in the event that they don't discover enough on the rack. This is advantageous for the client so they can buy the product(s) at there comfort and causes them spending costs simpler. Offering types of assistance for our clients is a significant need. We can give high client support to the buyer. They can view and evaluate the kinds of yarn, needles and extras that we convey to ensure they are OK with the item they have picked. Do to the size of our stockpiling; we are additionally ready to offer loan administration for our clients. Needlenutz will be a goal store; we will give exceptional sorts of things from yarn, needles, line markers, yarn winders to yarn packs for our focused on advertise. My store will be moderate with certain deals. We will convey inside the store and inventories for imparting our items and up coming deals. Our store configuration will be loose, quieting air in a freestyle format. We will give a reasonable serious client servi. .harmony. It keeps the client in your store longer than speedy in and out shopping. Our store plays two sorts of music for the duration of the day. Toward the beginning of the day is by and large are multi year elderly people ladies who are searching for some shopping that includes quietness from their children. They come into our store hearing sounds impact nature melodies playing out of sight. In the mid evening as our more youthful objective age scope of mid thirties come to shop, who are still in a hurry, just escaped work and doesn’t need something for them to completely unwind as well. We play 105.3 Hot - FM to playing an assortment of cd’s like Bon Jovi to Alicia Keys. The aromas that our store will utilize are plug in scents that emit the smell of cloths, botanical and sea breeze for the unwinding of summer. Winter we will utilize the scents of sugar treats, crusty fruit-filled treat and maple syrup for the comfortable sentiment of home.

Does Extreme Couponing ACTUALLY Save You Money

Does Extreme Couponing ACTUALLY Save You Money Does Extreme Couponing ACTUALLY Save You Money? Does Extreme Couponing ACTUALLY Save You Money?Is it really that simple to hack the power of the noble coupon? It depends on how much time you have.Count yourself lucky if youve never had the misfortune of being stuck behind an extreme couponer in a checkout line.You know the typeâ€"a cart overflowing with items, a binder filled with every coupon imaginable, a determined smirk on their face as they hand the frazzled person at the register coupon after coupon, unfazed by the growing line of cranky people behind them. And while it might be infuriating to have to wait an hour behind one of these folks, its pretty impressive to watch as they exit the store with hundreds of dollars of merch at a serious discount.TV shows like TLCs aptly named Extreme Couponing portray this practice as the ultimate life hack. These people walk into Target with nothing but a box of expertly clipped coupons, and walk out with several cartfuls of free stuff. Some episodes feature extreme couponers using their discount smarts to get money BACK from the store where theyre shopping. Its mesmerizing to watch, but the truth behind all this is a lot more complicated than TLC makes it look. Heres why extreme couponing probably isnt worth your time.The show depicts things that dont actually happen IRL.One major component to extreme couponing, both on TV and in real life, is the concept of coupon stacking. In order to get huge discounts on all that stuff, extreme couponers use coupons on top of other coupons to lower their costs down to basically nothing. While this looks like magic, the reality is that most stores dont actually allow it at the extreme scale its shown on TV.In order to understand how coupon stacking works (or doesnt work), you first need to understand the various kinds of coupons available. In general, most stores offer five distinct types of coupons and discounts on products:Storewide sales on certain brandsStore-specific coupons that you can ONLY use there. Most of these speci fy that they can be used once per sale.Manufacturer coupons for specific brands that you can use wherever those brands are soldPercentage off or dollar amount off a future purchaseDouble coupon days, where you can double up couponsâ€"even ones that are typically one per sale.Most stores allow stacking of different KINDS of discounts. For example, lets say your local grocery store is offering bags of family-sized Doritos for $3. If you had a store-specific coupon for $0.50 off any bag of Doritos, AND a manufacturers coupon for $1 off, most stores will allow you to stack, or use, both of those coupons on top of the sale price, bringing your total down to $1.50. What stores WONT allow you to do is use multiple copies of the same coupon on one item. So even if you had three different manufacturers coupons for $1 off that bag of Doritos, youd only be able to use one of them.Youd never know this was store policy from watching Extreme Couponers, though. The show features thrifty shoppers c oming in with 30 of the same coupon and using all of them to get things completely free. But a 2012 report from the Coupon Information Center (CIC), a nonprofit organization thats dedicated to fighting coupon misredemption and fraud found that many of the stores featured on the show were allowing the illegal use of coupons in order to please producers.According to the CIC report, participants on the show used both counterfeit coupons and illegal coupon stacking methods in order to walk away with free stuff. Some of the stores allowed it for marketing purposes, but some were outright duped on air.In an episode that aired in October, a 16-year-old boy from  California  named Joel used nearly three dozen coupons at a supermarket to get 408 rolls of Quilted Northern toilet paper entirely for free, wrote Brad Tuttle in a 2012 article for TIME Magazine. Turns out the coupons were fakes, and the kid’s mom wound up repaying the store for all that toilet paper. None of those details were a ired on “Extreme Couponing,” though. As far as viewers of the show knew, Joel received all of those toilet paper rolls free of charge, and saved 93% in total on his extreme coupon-fueled shopping excursion.Real extreme couponing is a full-time job.So what happens on the show might not be real, but there ARE people who work within the constraints of the law and store policy to coupon their way to free stuff. But these people arent just spending a few minutes every morning clipping out of the local paper. Theyve got dedicated couponing rooms, a family that helps them sort through hundreds of pages of mailers every day, and a LOT of time on their hands.In order to maximize coupons that can be used together, extreme couponers subscribe to several different papers, and hoard multiple copies of each every day. They scour stores for coupon brochures, spend hours searching online for digital coupons they can print out, sign up for loyalty programs everywhere they go, pay coupon clippers on eBay, and even dumpster dive for discarded coupons hiding out in old newspapers and circulars. And this doesnt even include the time you need to actually clip and organize all your coupons.In short, extreme couponing is far from glamorous, and the results might not be worth the effort of digging through the trash like a hungry raccoon.The stuff you can get for free isnt stuff you actually need.Even on the show, this fact is apparent. While the extreme couponers on TLC might walk out of Walmart with two carts full of free stuff, its not like theyre loading up on groceries for the next year. Look closely, and the things they get are usually not that usefulâ€"think 70 jumbo bottles of shampoo, 80 24-packs of an unpopular flavor of soda, or 90 boxes of weird cereal.Theres a reason retailers and manufacturers allow certain kinds of items to go on sale, and that reason is usually supply and demand. When no one buys any boxes of that new experimental oatmeal, stores would rather sell i t at a discount than throw it out entirely. So yeah, you might be able to get 60 bottles of infant formula for $12, but if you dont have a baby, whats the point?Extreme couponing can actually be addicting.Maybe you have an extreme couponer in your life. If you do, chances are they have a storeroom somewhere in their home thats filled with the fruits of their couponing labor. If theyre organized, this room will contain shelves filled with purple hair dye, weird flavors of toothpaste, and adult diapers, ready and waiting for the impending apocalypse. If theyre not so organized this room could take up their entire house, and could consist of untouched shopping bags filled with random, expired products.According to a 2011 TIME article, studies have shown that couponsâ€"whether used in extreme ways or notâ€"are used in much greater numbers by  affluent consumers, not poor people. And people who have the time to devote to extreme couponing and the space to store their winnings arent the kind of people who actually need to be getting cartfuls of stuff for free. In fact, Goal Auzeen Saedi, who has a Ph.D in Clinical Psychology from the University of Notre Dame wrote in an article for Psychology Today that the behaviors displayed by people who appeared on the TLC show were troubling, to say the least.Though the show is intriguing, I wonder if there is also something sad about this, wrote Saedi. Im not a licensed clinician and in no way claim to be. I do not advocate blind diagnosis off of anything shown on television programs, and do not intend to in any way. I wonder though if Im the only one who sees possible touches of addiction, obsession, compulsion, and perhaps even hoarding tendencies to some of this behavior. At the very least, I am comfortable to say it seems unhealthy. Hence, I ask this: Is extreme couponing really something that should be celebrated?Maybe someday extreme couponing will have the same reputation as predatory payday loans and cash advances. I n the meantime, youre better off couponing like a normal person and looking for ways to trim your budget elsewhere. To learn more about ways that you can actually  save money, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:Maintain Your Furnace Now to Avoid a Pricey Repair LaterWinterizing Your Home: How To Prep for Winter on the CheapShopping for Furniture with a Bad Credit Score? Here’s What You Need to KnowHave you ever tried extreme couponing? We want to hear about it!  You can  email us  or you can find us on  Facebook  and  Twitter.

Benefits Of Electronic Health Records - 2986 Words

Abstract Electronic health records are used in health care to replace paper charts. They contain valuable patient medical information. EHRs improve quality of care without expensive, time-consuming processes. Although there are many reasons to use electronic health records, there are also some disadvantages to using them. More importantly though, there is a real importance for EHRs this day-in-age. The Importance of Electronic Health Records â€Å"Electronic health record systems enable hospitals to store and retrieve detailed patient information to be used by health care providers, and sometimes patients, during a patient’s hospitalization, over time, and across care settings.† (CITEEE). This paper will discuss why we need EHRs, the advantages and disadvantages, the importance of electronic health records, and also how they have become more useful in today’s society. To learn more about EHRs and the role they play in our health care system, we must first understand what they are. What is an EHR Definition of EHRs EHR stands for electronic health record. They store health data electronically. These health records are a digital version of a patient’s traditional paper chart. Using a highly secure network, health care professionals such as, physicians, nurses, etc., enter patient medical information directly into a computer, instead of using the old format of writing it down on paper. Electronic health records are used to improve patient care by communicating with one anotherShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Electronic Health Records1313 Words   |  6 Pagesproviders who reported that the electronic health records are readily available at the point of care is 94% and the percentage of the providers who stated that the electronic health records showed the clinical benefits is 88%. The percentage of the physicians who reported that the electronic health records enable them to provide the enhanced care to the patients is 75% (Jamoom, Patel, King, Furukawa, 2012). According to the authors, the use of electronic health records also aided in enhancing the riskRead MoreThe Benefits Of Electronic Health Records924 Words   |  4 PagesElectronic Health Record (EHR) is a method to restore patient health information, such as patient’s demographic, progress note, diagnosis, medication and so on, through electronic form (Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society, 2017). The benefit of EHR adoption is not only to replace paper work, but also assist with data creation, management, and sharing of patients’ health information to different providers and organizations across various states (Health IT, 2016). According to theRead MoreThe Benefits Of Electronic Health Records845 Words   |  4 Pagespurchasing and installing an electronic health record (EHR) ranges from $15,000 to $70,000 per provider. Costs vary depending on whether you select on-site EHR deployment or web-based EHR deployment. Web-based EHR deployment, known as S oftware as a Service (SaaS), typically requires providers to pay a fixed monthly subscription cost. On-site deployment typically requires providers to pay for ongoing costs to support and manage on-site data servers. Electronic Health Records contain essentially less mistakesRead MoreBenefits Of An Electronic Health Record ( Emr )1317 Words   |  6 PagesMany patients do not fully understand the benefits as well as the drawbacks of an Electronic Health Record (EMR); however, there are many of both. The first major benefit is that you, as a patient, no longer have to remind the provider of previous information, such as orders or allergies. This greatly increases efficiency in terms of patient visit times. Another benefit of an EMR is that a doctor is much less likely to provide medication in error. For example, a patient could currently be takingRead MoreBenefits Of Adopting Electronic Health Records1275 Words   |  6 Pagesthe implementation of Electronic Health Records (EHR). As a recap from our last meeting, hard and soft ROI represents various benefits which can be included and used in an ROI analysis. The hard benefits are the direct benefits which are tied to the impact of implementing the proposed solution. Soft benefits on the other hand are less easy to quantify and rely on. Soft benefits are often referred to as indirect, because they rely on a number of steps in order for the benefit to be realized. TodayRead MoreThe Benefits Of Electronic Health Records1178 Words   |  5 Pagesyour EHR, or Electronic Health Records. The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health enacted under The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, led to financial incentives for those who could demonstrate meaningful use of the EHR technology. Now more than 80 percent of physicians keep some version of an electronic health record for their patients. What is an Electronic Health Record you ask? An EHR is a technology that allows a health-care provider to record, access, asRead MoreExplanation Of Benefits And Electronic Health Records1446 Words   |  6 PagesExplanation of Benefits and Electronic Health Records Do healthcare policy holders have a right to know what they are paying for? Do people have a right to know if there is an infectious disease outbreak in their area? These are two examples of the questions being asked when it comes to Explanation of Benefit (EOB) statements and Electronic Health Records (EHRs). The Affordable Care Act (ACA) enacted in 2010, â€Å"Has extended coverage for young adults up to twenty-six years old on their parent’s privateRead MoreBenefits And Implementation Of An Electronic Health Record1233 Words   |  5 Pages Introduction An electronic health record (EHR) is a digital version of a patient’s paper chart. Through EHRs information can be available instantly and securely to authorized users. Electronic Health Record contain the medical and treatment histories of patients, patient’s medical history, diagnoses, medications, treatment plans, immunization dates, allergies, radiology images, and laboratory and test results, it allows access to evidence-basedRead MoreBenefits Of Using Electronic Health Records929 Words   |  4 PagesMeaningful Use – the incentive program with the intention of helping physicians provide better care to their patients through financial rewards and punishments. Those Eligible professionals (EPs) who choose not to demonstrate meaningful use of electronic health records (EHRs) are about to face a 1% penalty in their Medicare reimbursements. These penalties will increase by 1% each year until 2019 when they finally cap-off at 5%. And just to make it that much mo re aggravating, EPs won’t get away with a one-timeRead MoreBenefits Of Using Electronic Health Records946 Words   |  4 PagesMeaningful Use is the incentive program with the intention of helping physicians provide better care to their patients through financial rewards and punishments. Those Eligible professionals (EPs) who choose not to demonstrate meaningful use of electronic health records (EHRs) are about to face a 1% penalty in their Medicare reimbursements. These penalties will increase by 1% each year until 2019 when they finally cap-off at 5%. And just to make it that much more aggravating, EPs won’t get away with a one-time

Renewable Energy Through Feed On Tariffs And Taxes

Introduction In recent years, more has been debated on whether or not nonrenewable energy such as fossil fuel has caused global warming. Sakamoto and Managi (2016) believe fossil fuel is the likely reason that temperatures have been rising from greenhouse gases, increasing the CO2 emissions (p. 1). With depleting resources, it may be a good idea to look more seriously at renewable energy (Sakamoto Managi, 2016, p. 16). More governments have been trying to create policies to encourage usage of renewable energy. However, it has been debated what is the best way to enforce renewable energy. In this paper, I will discuss two ways countries have been encouraging renewable energy through feed-in tariffs and taxes. Body Sakamoto and†¦show more content†¦14). An increase in marginal cost of nonrenewable resources will drive more consumers to renewable resources. On the other hand, a tax on nonrenewable energy does not have the same effect. Sakamoto and Managi (2016) discovered: â€Å"The introduction of the tax on the nonrenewable energy sector leads to the reduction of nonrenewable energy use and an acceleration of renewable energy use, but the acceleration is not enough to keep the pre-tax level of production†¦ because the marginal cost of renewable energy is high as renewable energy use increases† (p. 15). A tax on nonrenewable energy leads to an increase in marginal cost of renewable energy. Less consumers were interested in buying when prices on renewable energy rose. Another way governments have been trying to implement renewable energy is through feed-in tariffs. Feed-in tariffs usually consist of some type of purchase obligation and also a tariff payment on renewable energy that is fixed for every unit of electricity (Jacobs, 2012, p. 43). The grid operator involved in the purchase obligation must buy the renewable electricity no matter what (Jacobs, 2012, p. 43). The producer has the right to a certain amount of money for every unit of electricity that they produce (Jacobs, 2012, p. 43). Jacobs (2012) conducted studies in Europe in the countries of Germany, Spain, and France that use feed-in

Lack of Sleep Effects Student’s Gpa Free Essays

Lack of Sleep Has a Direct Effect on a Student’s GPA Gilbert, S. P. , Weaver, C. We will write a custom essay sample on Lack of Sleep Effects Student’s Gpa or any similar topic only for you Order Now (2010). Sleep Quality and Academic Performance in University Students: A Wake-Up Call for College Psychologists. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, 24(10), 295-306. Retrieved September 25, 2012, from the SocIndex database. Key Terms Defined GPA: Grade Point Average DWI: Dropped, Withdraw, Incomplete (Classes) GDI: Goldberg Depression Inventory PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Summary This study was done to identify the relationship between sleep deprivation and a student’s academic performance in areas such as GPA, class attendance, and incomplete assignments. 557 people were used for this with 35. 7% being male and 64. 3% being female. And the average age of the subjects being 19. The participants of the study were asked to complete several surveys to determine if they qualified for the study. A demographic survey asked about their GPA and the courses they dropped, withdrew from, or failed to complete. This was done to judge the student’s previous academic levels. Next, they took what is called the GDI to determine the student’s levels of depression. Students who showed abnormally high levels of depression were removed from the study to be further analyzed. The students remaining had scores of average or below average levels of depression. The final test was the PSQI, which is a self-report survey to determine the subjects sleep patterns. Using these self-report surveys the conductors of the experiment were able to determine that there is a relationship between quality of sleep and academic performance. Significance This study is the first known to have found a direct relationship between poor academic performance and poor sleep quality using a large sample size. Previous studies used smaller groups and had not accounted for depression as a factor in poor academic performance. This study also found that the quality of sleep many students experience is well below ideal and that this affects the GPAs of females more so than males although the reason behind this could not be determined. Socially this information can be used when counseling students experiencing poor academic performance, but show no signs of depression. Evaluation The authors presented the procedures and results of this study very effectively, and the materials were made extremely easy to understand. I believe the study could have been more in depth and accurate if actual sleep studies were conducted along with the self-report surveys. Along the same lines, a flaw in the study is that the researchers opened up the possibility of false reporting by only using the surveys and trusting the students to be completely honest. If I were to use two words to describe this article they would be â€Å"expected† and â€Å"well-planned†. Expected† is referring to the results of the study. It doesn’t take a rocket scientist to guess that there is a connection between the quality of sleep and academic performance, however they expound upon that assumption and find more in depth results in the study. As for â€Å"well-planned† it is a word used to describe the procedures used to carry out the study. Eliminating dep ression as a variable was impressive foresight on the researchers part and is a large part of what makes this study so effective. Conclusion This article has thoroughly increased my knowledge of the extent of sleep’s effect on academic performance. While I hypothesized in my own mind that there was a connection, I had no idea how strong. I also think this article has helped me to understand how to help students struggling with academic performance and how to try to figure out all the possible issues instead of issuing a stereotypical label such as laziness. I believe further research should investigate the causes of this decreased quality of sleep and possible cures if it is a medical or biological issue. How to cite Lack of Sleep Effects Student’s Gpa, Essay examples

WELFARE Essays (888 words) - Federal Assistance In The United States

WELFARE Welfare is a government program that provides money, medical care, food, housing, and other things that people need in order to survive. People who can receive help from these welfare programs are children, elders, disabled, and others who cannot support their families on their current income. Another name for welfare is public assistance. There are many organizations that supply this public assistance. Such as Salvation Army and other groups. Public assistance benefits help many people who live below the poverty line, an income level is established for families. If your income is below this you would be eligible to receive this help. Welfare in the United States Federal and state governments in the Unites States serve the poor people through about 60 public assistance programs. Most people receive help through one of the four major programs. These programs are Medicaid, Aid to families with dependant Children, Social Security, or Supplemental Security, or the food stamps program. I will discuss the four programs individually. Medicaid provides free medical care to the poor people. Funds vary from state to state. In some situations, people who may be able to pay daily needs, but can't afford large medical bills may also be able to receive Medicaid. Some services paid for are bills such as doctor's visits and nursing home care. Most Medicaid funding comes from the federal government. The rest is supplied by the state. Each state runs their own Medicaid program. A.F.D.C. provides cash benefits to dependent children and the parents or the guardians taking care of them. Most families that qualify for A.F.D.C. have just one parent in the home. About 80 percent of these families are headed by a woman. A.F.D.C. also pays benefits to two-parent families if both parents are unemployed. Most A.F.D.C. funding comes from the federal government. The states provide the rest of the money and administer the program. The sizes of families' payment vary from state to state. Next is Social Security Income. This provides financial Aid to people in need who are at least 65 years old, blind, or disabled. The federal government finances and administers social security income programs in most states, though some states supply the federal payment and are able to run their own programs. Finally, the Food Stamp Program helps low-income households buy more and better food than they could otherwise afford. Each participating household receives a certain number of coupons called food stamps. The stamps are issued by the federal government. The number of stamps a household receives varies with the family's size, income, and expenses. Cooperating grocery stores accept the stamps like money for food purchases only. There are other programs such as energy assistance and public housing. Energy assistance, which is federally financed but administered by the states, helps people pay fuel bills. Public housing provides low cost rental apartments in government owned buildings. State and local governments fund and administer their own general assistance programs. These programs provide financial aid for needy people who do not qualify for other types of welfare. People waiting to receive assistance from other programs also may get temporary emergency aid from general assistance. Back in the early days, welfare resembled the English system. Social governments were responsible for helping the poor. But the colonies and later the states, sometimes helped the local government provide aid. The first federal welfare program, began after the Revolutionary War, they provided pensions to war veterans. During the Civil War these pensions were expanded to cover soldiers' widows and orphans. In the early 1900's, primary responsibility for providing welfare benefits shifted from local to state governments. During these years, states enacted programs to aid dependent children and the elderly. The criticisms of welfare ranges over a number of social and economic issues. Some people criticize welfare programs for not providing high enough benefits to eliminate poverty. Spending on welfare would have to increase greatly to eliminate poverty, and many people believe the cost is already too high. Many critics of the welfare system charge that providing a steady income to needy people encourages idleness. Actually, most welfare benefits go to elderly, blind, and disabled people and mothers with young children. But welfare does discourage some recipients

Differences Between Carbon-12 and Carbon-14

Differences Between Carbon-12 and Carbon-14 Carbon-12 and carbon-14 are two isotopes of the element carbon. The difference between carbon-12 and carbon-14 is the number of neutrons in each atom. The number given after the atom name (carbon) indicates the number of protons plus neutrons in an atom or ion. Atoms of both isotopes of carbon contain 6 protons. Atoms of carbon-12 have 6 neutrons, while atoms of carbon-14 contain 8 neutrons. A  neutral atom would have the same number of protons and electrons, so a neutral atom of carbon-12 or carbon-14 would have 6 electrons. Although neutrons do not carry an electrical charge, they have a  mass comparable to that of protons, so different isotopes have different atomic weight. Carbon-12 is lighter than carbon-14. Carbon  Isotopes and Radioactivity Because of the different number of neutrons, carbon-12 and carbon-14 differ with respect to radioactivity. Carbon-12 is a stable isotope. Carbon-14, on the other hand, undergoes radioactive decay: 146C → 147N 0-1e (half-life is 5720 years) Other Common Isotopes of Carbon The other common isotope of carbon is carbon-13. Carbon-13 has 6 protons, just like other carbon isotopes, but it has 7 neutrons. It is not radioactive. Although 15 isotopes of carbon are known, the natural form of the element consists of a mixture of only three of them: carbon-12, carbon-13, and carbon-14. Most of the atoms are carbon-12. Measuring the difference in the ratio between carbon-12 and carbon-14 is useful for dating the age of organic matter  since a living organism is exchanging carbon and maintaining a certain ratio of isotopes. In a diseased organism, there is no exchange of carbon, but the carbon-14 that is present undergoes radioactive decay, so over time, the isotope ratio becomes more and more different.

Definition of Indefinite Article

Definition of Indefinite Article An indefinite article, called an  artà ­culo  indefinido  in Spanish, makes a noun refer to a nonspecific item or items of its class. In English, there are only two indefinite articles, a and an. In Spanish, there are four indefinite articles,  un, una, unos, and unas. Spanish and English have different grammatical rules concerning when indefinite articles  are needed or should be omitted. Agreement in Number or Gender Matters In Spanish, number and gender make a difference. Is the word plural or singular? Is the word masculine or feminine? The Spanish indefinite article must agree with the gender and number of the noun that follows it. Singular Forms of the Indefinite Article There are two singular indefinite articles, un and una, translating to a or an.  Un is used when referring to a masculine word, for example, un  gato,  meaning, a cat. Una is used before a feminine word, as in una persona, meaning, a person. Plural Forms of the Indefinite Article There are two plural forms of indefinite articles in Spanish, unos  and unas, translating to a few or some. Unos is masculine. Unas is feminine. In this case, the correct form to use depends on the gender of the word being described,  for example, She is reading  some  books, can be translated to be  Ella lee  unos  libros.  Although a female is reading the books, the word being described is libros, which is a masculine word, therefore, the article uses the masculine form of the word. An example of unas  being used in a sentence would be,  Yo sà © unas palabras  en  espaà ±ol,  which means, I know a few words in Spanish. Although the word some is considered an indefinite article in Spanish, the word some is not classified as an indefinite article in English. Some is considered as an indefinite pronoun or a quantifier in English. Exceptions to the Rule With every language, there will always be exceptions to the rule. When a feminine singular noun begins with a stressed  ,  a, or  ha, the masculine indefinite article is used instead of the feminine indefinite article to aide in pronunciation. For example, the word,  guila, meaning, eagle, is a feminine word. When referring to an eagle, instead of saying una  guila, which sounds clunky in pronunciation, the grammar rule allows a speaker to say un  guila, which has a smoother flow. The plural form remains feminine because pronunciation is not affected when a speaker says,  unas  guilas. Similarly, the Spanish word for ax is hacha,  a feminine word. A speaker would say, un hacha, as the singular form and  unas hachas as the plural form.

Project Management in Safety, Security and Emergency Management Assignment

Project Management in Safety, Security and Emergency Management - Assignment Example Although, organizations fall into different industries, there are specific standards that define the operations, management, and control of reference organizations (Nollau, 2009). The National Fire protection Association (NFPA) 1600 is a standard that seeks to influence Business Continuity Plan development in different organizations. This paper defines, summarizes, and derives the impact of the NFPA 1600 standard on its impact on building a business Continuity Planning to restore stopped business operations at a warehouse. The 2013 edition of the NFPA 1600 is a standard on Disaster/Emergency Management and Business Continuity Programs produced by the National Fire protection Association that can have an impact on Business Continuity Plan development (National Fire Protection Association, 2014). The NFPA 1600 standard enjoys the recognition of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States where it assumes the role of a National Preparedness Standard (National Fire Protection Association, 2014). Subject to its effectiveness, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security adopts the NFPA 1600 standard as a voluntary consensus standard for emergency preparedness. The National Fire protection Association produces different editions of the NFPA 1600 standard with an aim of addressing different issues. The 2013 edition addresses Disaster/Emergency Management and Business Continuity Programs (National Fire Protection Association, 2014). As such, the public, governments, private companies, non- profitable associations, and nongovernmental organizations rely on this standard to address local, national, regional, and global issues (Lindstrà ¶m, Samuelsson & Hà ¤gerfors, 2010). As such, the NFPA 1600 standard seeks to inform the audience or users of NFPA, standards, codes, guidelines, and recommended actions that the issuance of Tentative Interim

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 37

Questions - Essay Example What surprises me most about the godly woman of Proverbs 31 is her trading skill. The woman’s ability to exchange goods in the market at a bargain and profit is incredible considering her responsibilities required domestic attention and skills. The woman was able to maintain a genuine sensitivity and show empathy in situations that would otherwise be stressful for other people. It is surprising that the woman realizes the needs of people who are less privileged while still catering to her own needs. What surprises me most about Songs of Solomon is that the Shulammite woman kept her virginity and purity for Solomon whom she honestly looked forward to be her future husband. This devotion moves Solomon to use words of high praise for being a pure woman. Solomon wrote Songs of Solomon from both man and woman’s perspectives. Evidently, the book contains many symbols of masculine and feminine natures that reflect relationships for those married in the true

heroin Essay -- essays research papers

Society today has been clouded and somewhat overtaken by social drugs. Wherever you may look, a drug is being used, whether it is more commonly a cigarette being smoked on the street, or the covert teens smoking marijuana in secluded areas. In any case, there is not one person who can say drug use is not prevalent, since society has made it clear through news, music and everyday life. However, there are certain drugs that seem to be worse than others, and society once again has taught us that through our laws and restrictions. The worse the drug, the more you pay for having it. Basically, drugs have become a part of our life, and you never know when they can land on your doorstep.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An illegal drug, which has taken firm ground in society, is heroin. Heroin is one of the most used â€Å"hard† drugs in society today. Even though it is illegal, surveys have proved that many people have done and are still doing heroin. The worst part is that heroin is classified as having the worst addiction and withdrawal symptoms than any other drug. Heroin is known as â€Å"H† or â€Å"Brown†, and is related to other drugs because of its elementary foundation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Heroin is related to morphine and codeine, since all three are derived from the opium poppy plant. They are called opiates, and are found in the dried â€Å"milk† of opium poppy seeds. Morphine and codeine are both very effective painkillers and are used for medical uses, such as cough medicines and after surgery painkillers. However, these drugs can form a quick dependency in the people that use them, and therefore must be used with caution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The opium poppy plant and its use date back as far as 6000-year-old Sumerian texts. The Sumerians are an ancient people, and referred to the poppy plant as the â€Å"joy plant.† In either the 7th or 8th centuries, it is believed that Arab traders brought opium to China, where it was used as medicine. At about the 17th century, it was realized that opium could be smoked. Later on m the Portuguese, then the British were supplying China with most of its opium. Britain would also sell opium to India to be smuggled into China, and in turn, the Chinese government would destroy the opium imports before it reached China. This little plant sparked two wars between China and Britain, and in conclusion, Britain received Hong Kon... ...tes to relieve withdrawal symptoms, and the person can be okay without the drug. Within detox, a person can talk to a counselor, so while their body is becoming physically better, psychologically they can be helped. Heroin addicts definitely need psychological help. Their minds tend to focus on getting more heroin and doing whatever they can to get it. This is so even if it means stealing or hurting friends and family. In conclusion, heroin is a disgusting drug, which can harm you and take away important time of your life. It is easy to overdose, you mess with the way you think, and the way your nervous system works. Heroin is the most addictive drug out there because the symptoms you get when you don’t have it are absolutely horrible. Synthetic opiates such as LAAM and methadone are drugs that can help a person get the physical experience, but still becoming free of the drug itself. The abuse of Heroin can destroy a person’s life, their friendships, and their bodies. When someone is addicted to heroin, they not only hurt themselves, they hurt the people who love them. Heroin Abuse and Addiction.† www.NIDA.com  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Opiates/Heroin.† www.druginformation.com heroin Essay -- essays research papers Society today has been clouded and somewhat overtaken by social drugs. Wherever you may look, a drug is being used, whether it is more commonly a cigarette being smoked on the street, or the covert teens smoking marijuana in secluded areas. In any case, there is not one person who can say drug use is not prevalent, since society has made it clear through news, music and everyday life. However, there are certain drugs that seem to be worse than others, and society once again has taught us that through our laws and restrictions. The worse the drug, the more you pay for having it. Basically, drugs have become a part of our life, and you never know when they can land on your doorstep.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  An illegal drug, which has taken firm ground in society, is heroin. Heroin is one of the most used â€Å"hard† drugs in society today. Even though it is illegal, surveys have proved that many people have done and are still doing heroin. The worst part is that heroin is classified as having the worst addiction and withdrawal symptoms than any other drug. Heroin is known as â€Å"H† or â€Å"Brown†, and is related to other drugs because of its elementary foundation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Heroin is related to morphine and codeine, since all three are derived from the opium poppy plant. They are called opiates, and are found in the dried â€Å"milk† of opium poppy seeds. Morphine and codeine are both very effective painkillers and are used for medical uses, such as cough medicines and after surgery painkillers. However, these drugs can form a quick dependency in the people that use them, and therefore must be used with caution.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The opium poppy plant and its use date back as far as 6000-year-old Sumerian texts. The Sumerians are an ancient people, and referred to the poppy plant as the â€Å"joy plant.† In either the 7th or 8th centuries, it is believed that Arab traders brought opium to China, where it was used as medicine. At about the 17th century, it was realized that opium could be smoked. Later on m the Portuguese, then the British were supplying China with most of its opium. Britain would also sell opium to India to be smuggled into China, and in turn, the Chinese government would destroy the opium imports before it reached China. This little plant sparked two wars between China and Britain, and in conclusion, Britain received Hong Kon... ...tes to relieve withdrawal symptoms, and the person can be okay without the drug. Within detox, a person can talk to a counselor, so while their body is becoming physically better, psychologically they can be helped. Heroin addicts definitely need psychological help. Their minds tend to focus on getting more heroin and doing whatever they can to get it. This is so even if it means stealing or hurting friends and family. In conclusion, heroin is a disgusting drug, which can harm you and take away important time of your life. It is easy to overdose, you mess with the way you think, and the way your nervous system works. Heroin is the most addictive drug out there because the symptoms you get when you don’t have it are absolutely horrible. Synthetic opiates such as LAAM and methadone are drugs that can help a person get the physical experience, but still becoming free of the drug itself. The abuse of Heroin can destroy a person’s life, their friendships, and their bodies. When someone is addicted to heroin, they not only hurt themselves, they hurt the people who love them. Heroin Abuse and Addiction.† www.NIDA.com  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Opiates/Heroin.† www.druginformation.com

Christian perspectives on personal, social and world issues Essay

There are two terms regarding poverty- Absolute poverty, which is when you do not have enough money, or food for your basic everyday needs. Relative poverty, which is when you cannot afford what, is seen as normal in a given society. There is also the term wealth, which is when you are rich with abundant possessions and money, you are prosperous. Most people in third world countries live in absolute poverty, while a large proportion of people who live in first world countries are wealthy. Hunger is a feeling, which you have when you have not eaten for some time, 1/5th of the worlds population goes hungry. Disease is an unhealthy condition or an illness, which can lead to death and therefore disrupts a family’s ability to raise income (as there are fewer people in the family). Both hunger and disease are two main causes of death in today’s world, especially in third world countries. This is because developing third world countries are a lot poorer than first world countries so everyday necessities that are taken for granted such as clean, safe water, medicines and food as they are not so readily available (they cannot afford to provide them). For example millions of people die each year from drinking polluted water, this is mainly in third world or developing countries. Disease is a problem in third world countries because of the lack of technology and medicine available, and because the climate is so hot and there is no way of getting rid of rubbish so vermin are tempted bringing in diseases such as the plague. There are also very few vaccinations available so millions of unvaccinated children die of diseases such as measles, whooping cough and tetanus, each year making third world countries have a very high death rate. In third world countries they tend to have a very large population of mainly young children, this is because parents want children so that they can start work at an early age and bring money in to the family. Contraception is also rarely available so many unwanted children are born. Unlike in first world countries where families choose to have children at a later date because more women prefer material possessions and like to have a decent amount of money before they bring up a family. There is a very high infant mortality rate in third world countries because of the contraception crisis as deadly diseases such as aids are easily passed onto children and the lack of food means that many die from hunger. First world countries are somewhat different from third world countries- life expectancy is very high (there is a low death rate) as there is better technology available so there are more cures for diseases, which means that more people have a better chance of living to an older age. There are also vaccinations available so that the chance of catching a disease is decreased. Infant mortality rate is very low as mothers can choose when they want a family and can stop unwanted pregnancies by using a variety of contraceptive methods. People also have a higher disposable income so they can afford to spend more money on food etc- so it is very rare for people to die of starvation. There are four myths about world hunger. These are: > There is not enough food to go round. > World hunger is caused by over- population. > Starvation is the result of natural disasters. > Science will be able to cure hunger. The myth about there not being enough food to go around basically means that there is not enough food upon the earth to go around all of the people who live there. This is false because there is enough food to go around but it is not evenly distributed. There is more food in richer countries because people can afford to buy it, this means that people are prepared to make/grow food and sell it to richer countries so they can make money for themselves. People in developed countries also have more money so they want a more varied choice of food. Unfortunately poorer countries suffer, as there is never enough food to go around, as they do not have technology/tools to provide their own or the money to buy it. If people shared food instead of wasting it and eating more than they need to starvation would not be an issue. World hunger being caused by over population means that there is too many people in the world today so food is becoming more scarce and some people cannot get hold of much. This is also false because there is enough food to go around but people in richer countries waste a lot of food as it is taken for granted. Although someone could argue that as the population increases more land is taken up to be built on which leaves less room for cattle grazing, growing crops etc so less food can be produced. Starvation being the result of natural hazards means that due to natural hazards such as floods, earthquakes or drought food sources are being wiped out and so people of starving. This is also false because not every country has natural hazards and they definitely do not all have them at the same time. So, when a country is in crisis due to a natural hazard other countries should help them out and provide food for them. There is plenty of food in the world but by giving it to poorer countries it will mean that they will loose money. Someone could argue that natural hazards are a cause of starvation because poorer countries tend to have a lot of drought so it is hard to grow crops and graze animals on the poor soils. Also, countries are prone to flooding which drowns crops and animals so no food can be produced. Science being able to cure world hunger means that in the future scientist could discover a new thing for example a new type of crop which could live in all conditions so it could grow in all countries. This myth could either be true or false because nobody can predict what science will be like and what new discoveries we will make. So perhaps in a few years will be able to produce a ‘super food’, which can grow in any conditions and feed thousands. Science costs money though, and this is what poor countries do not have so they will not be able to purchase whatever comes out. Countries affected by starvation could be waiting for years for a new discovery so in the mean time people will be dying from starvation. So, Christians believe that if people in rich countries eat and waste less world hunger can be tackled. Christians also believe that God’s creation is good and everyone should be treated equally and have a chance to live a happy life- without being poverty stricken due to greedy people. Here are some examples of the biblical teachings Christians follow on the teachings of hunger and disease: An example of greed is in some of the laws, which God told to the Israelites (Deuteronomy 24.14-22). He says: ‘When you beat the olives from the trees, do not go over the branches a second time. Leave what remains for the foreigner, the fatherless and the widow’ ‘When you harvest the grapes in your vineyard, do not go over the vines again. Leave what remains for the foreigner, the fatherless and the widow’ This proves that God does not want Christians to be greedy and shows that they should help others who are in need by sharing what they have. Another example of this is ‘the parable of the rich fool’ (Luke 12:16-21). A man produced a good crop and he did not have enough room to store it anywhere, so he wanted to build bigger barns. God punished him by demanding his life from him and he said ‘This is how it will be with anyone who stores up things for himself but is not rich towards God’. Christians should help others and instead of saving/storing things for themselves they should give them to other needy people- or God will not be happy and he will punish them. This shows that those who pile up riches for themselves are not rich in Gods view and that for someone to gain eternal life they must give and share. Also in Deuteronomy 24.14-22 it says: ‘Thou shalt not oppress an hired servant that is poor and needy, whether or not he be of thy brethren†¦ for he is poor and setteth his heart upon it.’ Which means that people should not put poor and needy people down (even if they are below you, you should not look down on them) you should help them instead no matter who they are. The teaching of ‘The fall’ in Genesis 3.1-19 is about temptation and it concludes why the world is the way it is today. ‘Serpents’ (snakes) were made to crawl on their ‘belly’ because the one in the story tempted Eve to eat the ‘forbidden fruit’. As Eve took the apple all women suffer pain when giving birth. Christians believe that people are made to suffer because of what happened in ‘The fall’. In Genesis 1.26-31 (stewardship) Christians believe that God was the one who created the world and he created it in reflection of how he wanted people to behave in it (good). They believe that human beings should look after the world and his creations in it (that was their purpose of being on the earth), so they should not abuse or destroy it. He said that they ‘†¦will have power over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air, over the livestock, over all of the earth, and over the creatures that move along the ground.’ But he did not want humans to take advantage of this. The parable of the sheep and goats is also important because it is about people either going away to ‘eternal punishment’ or to ‘eternal life’. The separation of the sheep’s and the goats is relating to the separation of people who treat other people well (as Jesus did) and people who do not. Jesus says to the people who followed him (by treating people nicely): ‘For I was hungry and you gave me something to eat, I was thirsty and you gave me something to drink, I was a stranger and you invited me in, I needed clothes and you clothed me, I was sick and you looked after me, I I was in prison and you came to visit me.’ To the people who did not follow his commands he says the same thing but changes it to a negative comment e.g. ‘For I was hungry and you gave me nothing to eat’. This explains that those who provided for the needy were blessed while those who turned their backs on the needy were cursed with eternal punishment. Which is why Christians feel that they have to help the needy. The parable of the Good Samaritan is also important, this deals with the issue of who should be helped. It is about a man who is stripped of his clothes and beaten by robbers while he is on his way to Jerusalem. Both a Priest and a Levite (two well respected pillars of the Jewish religious community) walked on the other side of the road and passed by him. A Samaritan came (who were despised and hated) and took pity on him; he looked after him and took him to an Inn. This shows how one man suddenly put aside all his religious beliefs by going instantly to the aid of another man who was in pain and suffering. In Corinthians 8:13-15 it says: ‘†¦At the present time your plenty will supply what they need, so that in turn their plenty will supply what you need. Then there will be equality.’ This means that you should treat others as you wish to be treated. So, when they are in need and you help them out, you may eventually be repaid by them returning the favor to help you out in times of need. This is another reason why Christians feel that it is important to help other people who are in need. In Amos 8:4-10 there are references to the way which people should treat each other it says: ‘†¦you who trample the needy and do away with the poor of the land†¦ skimping the measure, boosting the price and cheating with dishonest measure†¦Ã¢â‚¬ I will never forget anything they have done†¦I will turn your religious feasts into mourning and all you singing into weeping.’ This means that to people who try and rip other people off by charging too much or giving them too little etc will be punished and God will never forget what they have done. The same message again comes across, that people should treat each other in the same way that they wish to be treated and they should not be greedy and try to make a little more money for themselves. In John 13.34-35 Jesus says that you should ‘Love one another as I have loved you.’ This is important because Jesus helped everyone who was in need regardless of their race or colour, he treated everybody equally and this is what Christians should do if they want to follow Jesus. Christians believe that you should treat others as they wish to be treated. In Colossians 3:1-15 it says: ‘†¦whatever belongs to your earthly nature†¦evil desires and greed†¦ Therefore, as God’s chosen people, holy and dearly loved, clothes yourselves with compassion, kindness, humility, gentleness and patience.’ This shows why Christians try and help other people who are not as well off as them. They feel that they are being greedy because they are living a life of luxury while people are starving in other countries struggling to feed their families. God wanted them to be kind and equal not greedy and selfish. They want to do as Jesus says so they should be kind and generous to other people who are in need. People should resist evil and discrimination by helping others who are in need. Christian aid was set up in 1945 to help many Europeans who had been made homeless by the Second World War. The churches collected à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½1 million for this work and by 1948 they decided to collect money for the people in the third world too. In September 1945 it officially became Christian Aid, a department of the British council of churches (all the non- Roman Catholic Churches). Christian Aid believes that ‘†¦God’s new strategy for a new world is to put the poorest first.’ So it provides help for poor people in less economically developed countries (LEDC’s). Christian Aid works wherever the need is greatest, irrespective of religion. It supports local organisations, which are best placed to understand local needs, as well as giving help on the ground through 16 overseas offices. Christian Aid believes in strengthening people to find their own solutions to the problems they face. It strives for a new world transformed by an end to poverty and campaigns to change the rules that keep people poor. They believe that all people were made in God’s image so they are all equal and they should be treated equally. Christian Aid wants to give poverty stricken people the chance to live equally and happily like other people in the world, they want to reduce the gap between the rich and the poor, the powerful and powerless. Christian Aid now works in over sixty countries making many poor/homeless peoples life better, by giving both emergency aid and long term assistance to try and battle against poverty. They try and do this by fundraising- Christian Aid needs money to help relieve poverty. Christian Aid has set up a ‘Christian Aid week’, which runs in May each year. This has proven to be very successful because in 1995 alone they raised à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½8.6 million. Many churches and individuals also contribute by having fund-raising events throughout the year- these tend to raise approximately three times as much as Christian Aid week, so again these are very successful. Christian Aid also supports campaigns to help try and improve the poverty in LEDC’s. An example of this was in April 1995 when they launched their first photo petition in aid of trying to ‘drop’ Jamaica’s debt. This campaign had a lot of interest from many famous people, for example Richard Wilson and Michelle Gayle. So, this is again another successful appeal from Christian Aid. The emergency aid that Christian Aid does covers a wide range of things and it usually has priority over long-term aid because without it people would die. Christian Aid spends between 10% and 15% on it funds each year on this. It has a disaster fund which deals with natural disasters and refugees. Christian Aid sends food, antibiotics and shelters to people who need them in an emergency. Two examples of this were the flood victims in Bangladesh in 1995, and they also sent tents and food to war refugees in Bosnia and Rwanda. In the Christian Aid statement of intent it says that they want to ‘†¦improve our response to emergencies and work to prevent them.’ which shows that more can still be done to help people but they need more support and funds. Christian Aid also provides long-term aid for poverty stricken people, towns or villages. Much of Christian Aid’s long and short-term aid is channelled through Christian organisations in the country concerned. They have done many things to help people, examples of this are: They are funding a group of health workers who have built a factory to make basic drugs in Bangladesh (as they cannot afford to import them). This will enable the people of Bangladesh to have easy access to the drugs hopefully saving lives. In Lesotho Christian Aid is financing a local agricultural school to try and reduce soil erosion to increase food production. This will enable people to eat more and sell more food- increasing their profits. Only about 5% of Christian Aid’s budget is spent on educating people about the way Christians can help LEDC’s and educate Churches of Britain about the desperate need for development. A newspaper is printed four times a year called the ‘Christian Aid news’. Which gives information about Christian Aids latest developments and world developments. Bob Finley, chairman of Christian Aid has now completed 53 years of ministry as an evangelist, pastor, missionary, Bible teacher and Christian statesman. In the Christian Aid statement of intent it says that they want to give people the chance ‘†¦to make a difference.’ And they want to help women because they ‘†¦are often the poorest of the poor’. This shows that they are not prejudice in any way and they treat all people equally. Christian Aid has brought many people together (mainly Christians) to help fight the battle of poverty and disease which many people struggle with, all of their plans and quick responses show just how much they respect other people and the lengths they will go to, to follow Gods will. Christian Aid is proving to be successful because in 1959 its income was à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½483,000 and in 1997 it was à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½39.3 million, this is a massive increase over only 38 years which shows that a lot of people are getting involved. ‘Christians are responsible for each other- no mater where in the world they live’. I disagree with this statement mainly because I am not a Christian and I do not think that it is possible to be responsible for someone who you do not know and who lives so far away. I think that in today’s world the average person (like me) cannot do much to help anyone else. I think this because there is too much pressure on you to find money for yourself, as there is a dramatic increase in unemployment rates and in the amount of people below the average income line. In today’s world it is a struggle sometimes to look after yourself and your family never mind people that you do not know and have never met. However, I do think that people in more power (such as the government) should do more to help poverty-stricken people in other countries to a certain extent. I say to a certain extent because only so much money should be spent on them as countries have their own problems to sort out- such as the NHS crisis in the United Kingdom. I do not think that poverty-stricken people should just be given money though, as this is only a short-term answer. I think that governments should get to the root of the problem and work from there. For example instead of providing food for people to eat they should provide seeds and tools so that they can grow their own and let them live more independently. A Christian would have a different point of view though because they believe that they should do all that is possible to help others as that is what God told them to do. They are ‘Brothers and sisters in Christ’ so they are like brothers and sisters in the family of God. In Colossians 3.11 it says: â€Å"Here there is no Greek or Jew, circumcised or uncircumcised, barbarian, Scythian, slave or free, but Christ is all, and is in all.† Which shows that they believe that the church is a universal organisation therefore all of the Christians in it share the same beliefs so they should be treated the same. The Christian beliefs is what unites them all (â€Å"Held everything in common†)so they should help and care for one another, in the same way that Jesus did not mind who he healed or helped. All of the biblical teachings, which I wrote about above, prove this as this as Christians follow God and the teachings that I wrote about described how God wants Christians to behave around other people. Christians should share- in acts 4:32-35 it says: ‘All the believers were one in heart and mind. No one claimed that any of his possessions was his own, but they shared everything they had†¦ There were no needy persons among them.’ This shows that everyone should share so that everyone is treated equally and no one is different. The parable of the rich fool and God’s commandments about harvesting the grapes and beating the olives from the trees proves that Christians should only take what they need and save the rest for other people. This is not always possible though so Christians find other ways of helping others out- by giving donations to programs such as Christian Aid. I think that Jesus concluded what happens to greedy people in Luke 12:16-21 by saying: ‘This is how it is with those who pile up the riches for themselves but are not rich in God’s sight.’ As the ‘rich man’ had to ‘†¦give up’ his life for being greedy and selfish and no Christians want to be like he was. In the 2 Corinthians 8.13-15 Paul commends the Corinthian Christians for their willingness to give money to help the Jerusalem Christians. This is today’s equivalent of Christians giving money to other needy people in other countries, they believe that God will commend them for it when they die and go to Heaven. So, this is why Christians believe that ‘they are responsible for each other- no matter where in the world they live.’ Christians believe that people were created in reflection of God, therefore we were all created equally and good. So, people should treat the more unfortunate of us the same as they believe that it is what God wanted. Christians would not just help other Christians, they believe that as we were all created the same we all have the right to live the same kinds of lives instead of everyday being a battle to survive. They believe that they should not be greedy therefore people in richer countries should only take the amount of food they need and they should not waste any so there is enough to go around everyone.

Immanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill - 2050 Words

The idea of an action to be intrinsically good is not as straight forward as proposed by Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill in The Groundswork and Utilitarianism respectively. Kant, in The Groundswork, and Mill, in Utilitarianism, come to different conclusions about what is intrinsically good, yet neither of them come to a valid explanation for the following reasons; Kant produces a narrow view focused entirely on having a good will, acting only based off of duties, and ignoring the outcomes of your actions, while Mill calculates intrinsic value based off of the greatest happiness principle which doesn’t take into account a good will. The correct and most reasonable explanation of what is intrinsically good is a combination of what both†¦show more content†¦If somebody does something in order to bring out a particular result this would be against the definition of a good will, because there is clear motivation beyond strictly duty. The third and final rule again grows on the former two and states that duties should be completed with full respect for the law. Kant proposes these three rules to create a general guideline that everyone can follow to make intrinsically good or moral decisions. He supports these rules for making moral decisions with explanations of why each one is required and why not having these in place would be detrimental to society. The overarching argument is that life without these rules in practice would be a society where everyone is trying to progress with disregard for others. When we install these rules for moral decision making we grow together as a society by collectively making intrinsically good decisions. While his argument for these having these three rules is fairly strong and consistent it doesn’t provide enough structure when faced with moral dilemmas that are in place because of rulings from the government. Coupled with the forced compliance with the restrictions the government installs, the biggest flaw for Kant is that if you have poor duties/maxims, from what you have been taught, and then pro ceed to act on these flawed duties, you would still be seen as intrinsically goodShow MoreRelatedImmanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill1261 Words   |  6 Pagesintentions/character that inspire the action, or the consequences that result from the action?† Second, the philosophers I am going to discuss throughout this paper are Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill. Now before I tell you my answer to this question I am going to explain these who these two philosophers are and what their viewpoints on ethics are. Immanuel Kant was born in what is now Germany in 1724 and died in 1804 and was the type of philosopher to act out of duty. He believes that actions should be performedRead MoreImmanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill Essay2002 Words   |  9 Pagesmost widely known ethical philosophers are Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill. While they may have philosophized around the same time period, the philosophers have very different ideas about ethics and happiness. Immanuel Kant, author of Duty and Reason, believed in the morality of the good will and duty. He espoused that happiness is an irrelevancy insofar as fulfilling duty is the most important aspect of leading a moral life. Conversely, John Stuart Mill, who wrote, The Greatest Happiness PrincipleRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill And Immanuel Kant1387 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent philosophers. Two of these philosophers are John Stuart Mill and Immanuel Kant. Mill, in Utilitarianism defines happiness as pleasure without pain. He builds upon this idea of happiness when establishing his moral philosophy, stating that the action that would bring about the maximum amount of happiness is the most moral action. On the other hand, Kant establishes happiness as well-being and a satisfaction with one’s condition. Kant, however, argues that happiness is too fully based uponRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill And Immanuel Kant1786 Words   |  8 PagesJohn Stuart Mill and Immanuel Kant. They both had very different views when it came to the ethics of philosophy. They also though had some of the same views as each other. Both were concerned with the moral qualities of actions and choices of a person, but neither of them was much interested in about what makes a good person. They also different views and some of the same views when it came to lying. One thought it should never be done. The other thought it should be used as a last resort. FirstRead MoreImmanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill1206 Words   |  5 Pagesof morality, there is no right answer to dilemmas only different opinions. Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill are philosophers with two different views on a person’s moral conscious. Kant believes morality is a duty that people should hold above their own happiness. On the other hand, Mill believes happiness is the goal of morality and the more happiness is acquired at the end is the most moral. According to Immanuel Kant, morality is a duty people must hold above their own happiness. For somethingRead MoreImmanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill948 Words   |  4 Pagesyou do it? Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill would give you strongly contrasting opinions. A person should not kill another to benefit five others. It would be a wrong thing to do, but Mill would disagree. Kant believed that good intentions count and that the morality of an action is determined by the intentions behind it rather than its consequences. Kant says that the consequences are irrelevant to assessments of moral worth, which contrasts sharply with Mill’s utilitarianism. Kant believed thatRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill And Immanuel Kant Essay1805 Words   |  8 Pagesphilosophers, Kant and Mill, to determine whether or not torture is ever ethical. John Stuart Mill and Immanuel Kant, both proposed different philosophies, using deontological and teleological theories in ethics. John Stuart Mill used a teleological theory, which prioritized the end result of an action, based off the moral nature of the action itself, compared to the deontological theory proposed by Kant, which presented actions as obligations of an individual, leading them to act in a certain way. Mill usedRead MoreImmanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill998 Words   |  4 PagesTwo knowledgeable men, one says go right, the other, left. Who is right? Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill were both noted philosophers with opposing theories on what is moral. Each uphold different ways of observing what is right. The theory of utilitarianism held by Mill and universalism held by Kant has similarit ies and differences. Who stands correct, and who is mistaken? Utilitarianism is the belief that decisions should be made based on how much pleasure they bring (MacKinnon and FialaRead MoreJohn Stuart Mill vs. Immanuel Kant2163 Words   |  9 PagesJohn Stuart Mill vs. Immanuel Kant The aim of this paper is to clearly depict how John Stuart Mill’s belief to do good for all is more appropriate for our society than Immanuel Kant’s principle that it is better to do whats morally just. I will explain why Mill’s theory served as a better guide to moral behavior and differentiate between the rights and responsibilities of human beings to themselves and society. Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill are philosophers who addressed the issues of moralityRead MoreA Study Of Ethics By Immanuel Kant And John Stuart Mill992 Words   |  4 Pagesaround ethics. The court released Lavallee as innocent on the basis that she is medically ill with Battered Woman Syndrome (BWS). The two most renowned ethicists, Immanuel Kant and John Stuart Mill would view this case differently. Kantianism is associated solely with Immanuel Kant. In comparison, John Stuart Mill, an opponent of Immanuel Kant’s ideas, uses a utilitarian approach. This essay will briefly give an overview of the case and the BWS. Then, it will show how both theories view the case.